The resistance tester is an instrument for measuring the conductivity of an object. The resistance tester is widely used in electrical safety inspection and grounding engineering. There are many types of resistance testers, including grounding resistance tester, insulation resistance tester, grounding resistance tester, DC resistance tester, surface resistance tester and loop resistance test. Instructions The grounding resistance tester refers to the earthing body resistance and the soil stray resistance buried in the ground. It is usually measured by a grounding resistance measuring instrument (or grounding resistance meter). The shape measuring instrument has the same shape as the ordinary insulated rocking watch, and is also called a grounding resistance shaking table according to custom. The shape of the shaker varies slightly depending on the model, but the method of use is basically the same. The type grounding resistance measuring instrument is provided with two grounding probes and three wires. The method of use and measurement steps are as follows: (a) Grounding resistance tester (b) connecting wire (c) measuring grounding bar 1. Disconnect the connection point between the grounding trunk and the grounding body, or disconnect the connecting points of all grounding branches on the grounding trunk. 2. Insert the two grounding rods into the ground 400mm deep, one far from the grounding body 40m, and the other 20m away from the grounding body. 3. Place the shaker in a flat place near the grounding body and wire it. (1) Connect the terminal block E on the watch and the grounding body E' of the grounding device with a connecting wire. (2) Connect the terminal block C on the watch to the grounding rod C' which is 40m away from the grounding body with a connecting wire. (3) Connect the terminal block P on the watch and the ground bar P' 20m away from the grounding body with a connecting wire. 4. Adjust the coarse adjustment knob according to the grounding resistance requirement of the grounding body to be tested (there are three adjustable ranges on the top). 5. Shake the watch evenly at a speed of about 120 rpm. When the hands are deflected, the fine adjustment dial is adjusted until the hands are centered. After adjusting the reading of the fine dial, multiply by the coarse adjustment multiple, which is the grounding resistance of the grounded body to be tested. For example, if the fine-tuning reading is 0.6 and the coarse tuning resistance is 10, the measured grounding resistance is 6Ω. 6. In order to ensure the reliability of the measured grounding resistance value, the orientation should be changed and the retesting should be performed. Take the average of several measured values ​​as the grounding resistance of the grounding body. Surface introduction The surface resistance tester measures the impedance temperature and humidity. "Humidity and temperature affect the impedance, so it must be measured" Measuring surface impedance 10 -10 ohms / □, measuring resistance 10 -10 ohms Operation Manual Before measuring, first ensure that the surface to be tested is clean and free of pollution. Surface impedance 1, Parallel Probe Resistivity Method (Parallel Probe ResistivityMethod) The parallel probe impedance measurement method is a measurement method conforming to the EOS/ESD-S11.11-1993 standard, which is a rapid method for measuring the resistance value of a planar uniform material. This method is also suitable for the measurement of multilayer materials, but the temperature and humidity conditions at the time of measurement must be indicated in the impedance value report. A. Place the watch on the surface of the object to be measured. B. Adjust the switch to the desired voltage position (10 volts or 100 volts) C. Press and hold the measurement button with a pressure of approximately 5 lbs. The LCD screen will display the measured surface impedance, temperature and relative humidity values. The entire measurement process is approximately fifteen seconds. ·The surface impedance unit is ohm / □ ·The temperature unit is the camera · Relative humidity unit is a percentage In each measurement, after pressing the measurement button, the tester will continuously display the trim measurement value. Within about forty-five seconds after the button is released, the last measurement value is displayed. 2, Concentric Ring Probe Resistivity method (concentric ring probe is optional) Plug the cable plug into the two 3.5 mm jacks on the meter and connect the banana plug to the concentric ring probe (optional). After placing the probe on the surface of the object to be tested, press the button for about 15 seconds, the correct temperature and relative humidity will be displayed on the LCD. The correct surface impedance value is multiplied by 10 on the LCD. The unit is ohm / □. E.g: The crystal screen is shown as 3.5 × 10 4 ohms / □; the actual impedance value is 3.5 × 10 5 ohms / □. Second, surface resistance measurement (point to point) (Surface ResistanceMeasurement (RTT)) This measurement method is to measure the resistance between two points independent of the ground in accordance with the EOS/ESD-S4.1 measurement requirements. The measurement results obtained by this measurement method are processed between the measured object and the two 5-pound probes. The distance is related to factors such as the correct measurement procedure, and each time the test is performed under the same required measurement conditions. A. Plug the cable into the two 3.5 mm jacks on the meter and connect the banana plug to the two 5-pound probes. B. Place two probes on the surface of the object to be tested according to the measurement procedure. C, select the required voltage value (10 volts or 100 volts) D. Press the switch until the selected voltage value (10 volts or 100 volts) is displayed. Continue to press the switch until the measured resistance (in ohms). The relative humidity and temperature are displayed on the LCD. Resistance measurement This measurement method is used to measure the surface resistance between a point on the surface of the object and another ground point on the surface. The measurement method is in accordance with the EOS/ESD S4.1 measurement standard. A. Insert one end of the two wires into the two 3.5 mm jacks of the watch, then connect one of them to the alligator clip and the other to a 5-pound disc probe. B. Connect the crocodile clip to the known grounding point and place the disc probe on the surface of the object to be tested according to the measurement requirements. C. Press the measurement button until the resistance (in ohms), relative humidity, and temperature value are displayed on the display. The measurement results are in accordance with EIA, EOS/ESD, ANSI, IEC-93, CECC, ASTM measurement standards, for high-impedance materials. In order to ensure the measurement of high-precision measurement results, care should be taken not to overlap the two leads, and do not touch the probe, lead and object under test. Calibration step 1. Range 10 3 to 10 12 Impedance bridge with 1% accuracy. High-precision relative humidity meter (Relative Humidity Hygrometer) High accuracy Thermometer 2. Open the cover and be careful not to damage the two wires connecting the power switch on the board. 3. Find the three calibration regulators at the bottom right of the board (Calibration Pots) 4. Make the watch at least 1/2 hour under this environmental condition, and then start self-balancing before starting the test. 5. Connect one end of the connecting cable of the tester to the alligator clip and the other end to the banana plug. 6. Insert the 3.5 mm long plug into the socket of the meter. 7. Connect the ends of the resistor with an alligator clip. 8. Three calibration regulators, the uppermost is the "humidity" measurement, the middle is the "impedance", and the bottom is the "temperature adjustment with a small screwdriver." The clockwise direction is the increase value adjustment, and the counterclockwise direction is the decrease value adjustment. 9. Press the power switch and compare the "temperature", "humidity" and "resistance" values. 10. Release the power switch and slowly adjust the corresponding calibration regulator. 11. Press the power switch again to observe the LCD display. 12. If you need to recalibrate, press the power switch and adjust the corrector. 13. Cover the cover and tighten the four fixing screws. 14. Press the power switch to determine if the meter is working properly. Resistance tester usage 1) Read the operating instructions of the grounding resistance measuring instrument, and fully understand the structure, performance and usage of the instrument. 2) Prepare the necessary tools and all instrument accessories for the measurement, and wipe the instrument and grounding probe cleanly. Especially for the grounding probe, be sure to clean the dirt and rust stains whose surface affects the conductivity. 3) Disconnect the grounding trunk from the connection point of the grounding body or the grounding point of all the grounding branches on the grounding trunk, so that the grounding body is separated from any connection and becomes an independent body. 1) Insert the two grounding probes into the underground of the grounding body 20m, 40m along the radiation direction of the grounding body, and insert the depth to 400mm, as shown in the following figure. Grounding resistance test using diagram: a) actual operation b) Principle of equivalence 2) Place the grounding resistance measuring instrument flat near the grounding body and wire it. The wiring method is as follows: 1 Connect the grounding body to the terminal of the grounding measuring instrument "E1" (the measuring instrument of the three-terminal button) or the short-circuited common terminal (the measuring instrument of the four-terminal button) with the shortest dedicated wire. 2 Connect the measuring probe (current probe) from the grounding body 40m to the measuring knob "C1" of the measuring instrument with the longest dedicated wire. 3 Connect the measuring probe (potential probe) from the grounding body 20.m to the terminal "P1" of the measuring instrument with a dedicated wire centered on the remaining length. 3) After placing the measuring instrument horizontally, check if the pointer of the galvanometer points to the center line, otherwise adjust the "zero position adjuster" to point the measuring instrument pointer to the center line. 4) Set the "magnification scale" (or coarse adjustment knob) to the maximum multiple, and slowly turn the generator handle (the pointer starts to shift) while rotating the "measurement dial" (or fine adjustment) Knob) Point the galvanometer pointer to the centerline. 5) When the pointer of the galvanometer is close to the balance (the pointer is close to the center line), the crank is swung to make the rotation speed reach 120r/min or more, and the "measurement dial" is adjusted to point the pointer to the center line. 6) If the reading of the "measurement dial" is too small (less than 1), it is difficult to read accurately, indicating that the magnification scale is too large. In this case, the "magnification scale" should be placed in a small multiple. Re-adjust the "measurement dial" so that the pointer points to the center line and read the accurate reading. 7) Calculate the measurement result, ie R = "magnification scale" reading × "measurement dial" reading. Selection of ground resistance tester Why is the grounding resistance still a problem that everyone has neglected? The main reason is that it is not suitable for the ideal measuring instrument. Because of the well-known reasons, the grounding table is very poor in accuracy. Sometimes the same connecting resistor becomes an abstract physical quantity, so that People are hard to find. With the development of scientific instruments, the advanced grounding resistance tester completely controls the essentials of the ground resistance test, and the test value can be correct. The intelligent grounding resistance meter is powerful but can cope with various complicated situations in the field, such as effectively eliminating interference, automatically tracking the most suitable test strips, and presenting various problems, such as intelligent prompts, etc. Some ground resistance meters can also Direct measurement of interference frequency, interference voltage, automatic zero calibration and other characteristics. If you need to test the accuracy a little higher, and it is convenient and easy, you can use the double-clamp grounding resistance tester, such as the output grounding tower, microwave tower, lightning rod and other grounding device grounding resistance measurement and good grounding conditions auxiliary device (faucet, In the case of a water pipe device, the grounding resistance can be measured using this double-clamp grounding resistance meter. For large-scale system grounding, network grounding, and soil resistivity testing, it is better to choose a grounding resistance meter. The three-wire and four-wire measuring methods are used. Due to the unique function of the instrument, the repeatability and stability of the measured value of the ground resistance are ensured. The grounding resistance measurement accuracy is up to 3%, and its test current is <3A. 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How to use the new resistance tester and calibration steps